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Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
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ARTICLE-2
[
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]
... All
activities
on the
moon
,
including
its
exploration
and use, shall be carried out in
accordance
with
international law
, in particular the
Charter of the United Nations
, and taking into
account
the
Declaration
on
Principles
of
International Law
concerning
Friendly
Relations
and
Co-operation
among
States
in
accordance
with the
Charter of the United Nations
,
adopted
by the
General Assembly
on 24 October 1970, in the
interest
of maintaining
international peace
and
security
and
promoting
international
co-operation
and
mutual
understanding
, and with
due
regard
to the
corresponding
interests
of all other
States Parties
. ...
... All
activities
on the
moon
,
including
its
exploration
and use, shall be carried out in
accordance
with
international law
, in particular the
Charter of the United Nations
, and taking into
account
the
Declaration
on
Principles
of
International Law
concerning
Friendly
Relations
and
Co-operation
among
States
in
accordance
with the
Charter of the United Nations
,
adopted
by the
General Assembly
on 24 October 1970, in the
interest
of maintaining
international peace
and
security
and
promoting
international
co-operation
and
mutual
understanding
, and with
due
regard
to the
corresponding
interests
of all other
States Parties
. ...
ARTICLE-4
[
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]
... 1. The
exploration
and use of the
moon
shall be the
province
of all
mankind
and shall be carried out for the
benefit
and in the
interests
of all
countries
,
irrespective
of their
degree
of
economic
or
scientific
development
.
Due
regard
shall be
paid
to the
interests
of present and
future generations
as well as to the need to
promote
higher standards of
living
and
conditions
of
economic
and
social progress
and
development
in
accordance
with the
Charter of the United Nations
. ...
ARTICLE-6
[
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]
... 1. There shall be
freedom
of
scientific
investigation
on the
moon
by all
States Parties
without
discrimination
of any kind, on the basis of
equality
and in
accordance
with
international law
. ...
ARTICLE-7
[
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]
... 2.
States Parties
shall inform the
Secretary-General of the United Nations
of the
measures
being
adopted
by them in
accordance
with paragraph 1 of this article and shall also, to the
maximum
extent
feasible, notify him in
advance
of all
placements
by them of
radio
-active
materials
on the
moon
and of the
purposes
of such
placements
. ...
ARTICLE-8
[
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]
... 3.
Activities
of
States Parties
in
accordance
with paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article shall not
interfere
with the
activities
of other
States Parties
on the
moon
. Where such
interference
may occur, the
States Parties
concerned
shall
undertake
consultations
in
accordance
with article
15
, paragraphs 2 and 3, of this
Agreement
. ...
... 3.
Activities
of
States Parties
in
accordance
with paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article shall not
interfere
with the
activities
of other
States Parties
on the
moon
. Where such
interference
may occur, the
States Parties
concerned
shall
undertake
consultations
in
accordance
with article
15
, paragraphs 2 and 3, of this
Agreement
. ...
ARTICLE-9
[
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]
... 2.
Stations
shall be installed in such a
manner
that they do not
impede
the
free
access
to all
areas
of the
moon
of
personnel
,
vehicles
and
equipment
of other
States Parties
conducting
activities
on the
moon
in
accordance
with the
provisions
of this
Agreement
or of article I of the
Treaty
on
Principles
Governing
the
Activities
of
States
in the
Exploration
and Use of
Outer Space
,
including
the
Moon
and Other
Celestial Bodies
. ...
ARTICLE-11
[
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]
... 4.
States Parties
have the
right
to
exploration
and use of the
moon
without
discrimination
of any kind, on the basis of
equality
and in
accordance
with
international law
and the
terms
of this
Agreement
. ...
... 5.
States Parties
to this
Agreement
hereby
undertake
to
establish
an
international
r‚gime,
including
appropriate
procedures
, to
govern
the
exploitation
of the
natural resources
of the
moon
as such
exploitation
is about to become feasible. This
provision
shall be
implemented
in
accordance
with article
18
of this
Agreement
. ...
ARTICLE-12
[
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]
... 2.
Vehicles
,
installations
and
equipment
or their
component
parts found in
places
other than their intended
location
shall be dealt with in
accordance
with article 5 of the
Agreement
on the
Rescue
of
Astronauts
, the
Return
of
Astronauts
and the
Return
of
Objects
Launched
into
Outer Space
. ...
ARTICLE-14
[
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]
... 2.
States Parties
recognize that detailed
arrangements
concerning
liability
for
damage
caused on the
moon
, in
addition
to the
provisions
of the
Treaty
on
Principles
Governing
the
Activities
of
States
in the
Exploration
and Use of
Outer Space
,
including
the
Moon
and Other
Celestial Bodies
and the
Convention
on
International
Liability
for
Damage
Caused by
Space Objects
, may become necessary as a result of more extensive
activities
on the
moon
. Any such
arrangements
shall be elaborated in
accordance
with the
procedure
provided for in article
18
of this
Agreement
. ...
ARTICLE-15
[
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]
... 1. Each
State Party
may
assure
itself that the
activities
of other
States Parties
in the
exploration
and use of the
moon
are
compatible
with the
provisions
of this
Agreement
. To this end, all
space
vehicles
,
equipment
,
facilities
,
stations
and
installations
on the
moon
shall be
open
to other
States Parties
. Such
States Parties
shall give
reasonable
advance
notice
of a projected
visit
, in
order
that appropriate
consultations
may be held and that
maximum
precautions
may be taken to
assure
safety
and to
avoid
interference
with
normal
operations
in the
facility
to be
visited
. In pursuance of this article, any
State Party
may
act
on its own behalf or with the
full
or partial
assistance
of any other
State Party
or through appropriate
international
procedures
within the
framework
of the
United Nations
and in
accordance
with the
Charter
. ...
ARTICLE-16
[
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]
... With the
exception
of articles
17
to
21
, references in this
Agreement
to
States
shall be deemed to apply to any
international
intergovernmental organization
which conducts
space
activities
if the
organization
declares
its
acceptance
of the
rights
and
obligations
provided for in this
Agreement
and if a
majority
of the
States
members
of the
organization
are
States Parties
to this
Agreement
and to the
Treaty
on
Principles
Governing
the
Activities
of
States
in the
Exploration
and Use of
Outer Space
,
including
the
Moon
and Other
Celestial Bodies
.
States
members
of any such
organization
which are
States Parties
to this
Agreement
shall take all appropriate
steps
to ensure that the
organization
makes a
declaration
in
accordance
with the foregoing. ...
ARTICLE-19
[
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]
... 2. This
Agreement
shall be
subject
to
ratification
by
signatory
States
. Any
State
which does not
sign
this
Agreement
before its
entry into force
in
accordance
with paragraph 3 of this article may
accede
to it at any
time
.
Instruments of ratification
or
accession
shall be
deposited
with the
Secretary-General of the United Nations
. ...
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