Law-ref.org Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)
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ARTICLE-24: International Negotiations; Exceptions     [go to this ARTICLE]
... 1. Members agree to enter into negotiations aimed at increasing the protection of individual geographical indications under Article 23. The provisions of paragraphs 4 through 8 below shall not be used by a Member to refuse to conduct negotiations or to conclude bilateral or multilateral agreements. In the context of such negotiations, Members shall be willing to consider the continued applicability of these provisions to individual geographical indications whose use was the subject of such negotiations. ...


ARTICLE-31: Other Use Without Authorization of the Right Holder     [go to this ARTICLE]
... (c) the scope and duration of such use shall be limited to the purpose for which it was authorized, and in the case of semi-conductor technology shall only be for public non-commercial use or to remedy a practice determined after judicial or administrative process to be anti-competitive; ...